The meaning of climate change is a change in the climatic conditions on Earth. Climate change in the world can be caused by various activities. When climate change occurs; temperatures can raise dramatically. When temperature increase, various different changes can occur on Earth. For example, it can result in more floods, droughts, or intense rain, as well as more frequent and severe heat waves.
A number of factors contribute to this change for centuries. Climate change is caused by factors such as biotic processes, variations in solar radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics and volcanic eruptions. Certain human activities have been recognized as the main causes of climate change, often referred to as global warming. There is no general agreement in scientific, media or policy documents as to the good term to be used to refer to anthropogenic (caused by humans) forced change, "global warming" or "climate change" may be used.
Scientists work to know past and future climate by using observations and theoretical models. More recent data are provided by the instrumental record. General circulation models, based on the physical sciences are often used in theoretical approaches to match past climate data, make future projections, and link causes and effects in climate change.
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Factors that shape climate are called climate forcings or "forcing mechanisms". These are either "internal" or "external". Internal forcing mechanisms are natural procedures within the climate system itself (for example: the thermohaline circulation). External forcing mechanisms are either anthropogenic (for example: increased emissions of greenhouse gases and dust) or natural (for example: changes in solar output, the earth's orbit, volcano eruptions).
Physical evidence to observe climate change comprises a range of parameters. Global records of surface temperature are available starting from 19th century. For earlier periods, most of the evidence is indirect—climatic changes are inferred from changes in proxies, indicators that show climates, such as ice cores, sea level change, dendrochronology and glacial geology.
The factors that contribute to climate change are as follow :
On the broadest scale, the Sun emitted the energy that reaches the Earth and is carried further to different parts of the planet by winds and ocean currents are one of the primary causes for climatic change. Global warming has really taken effect in the world over the last century. It is the unusually rapid increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released as people burn fossil fuels.
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During the past century, human activities have released large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Besides this, the orbital variations, plate tectonics and volcanic eruptions also cause changes in the climate.
Effects of Climate Change
Various species of plants and animals have extinct because of the changing in the climatic conditions. Due to over-harvesting of trees in certain regions, many forests are also diminishing. The water body also has been affected negatively by climate change. It has resulted in the melting of glaciers and irregular rainfall patterns.
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